Introduction.- The Properties of Vertically-oriented Graphene.- PECVD Synthesis of Vertically-oriented Graphene: Mechanism and Plasma Sources.- PECVD Synthesis of Vertically-oriented Graphene: Precursor and Temperature Effects.- Atmospheric PECVD Growth of Vertically-oriented Graphene.- Vertically-oriented Graphene for Sensing and Environmental Applications.- Vertically-oriented Graphene for Supercapacitors.- Vertically-oriented Graphene for Other Energy Storage and Conversion Applications.- Conclusions and outlook.